The Art of Fine Gemstones

The 4C’s of Diamonds

Diamonds are valued based on four main criteria, known as the 4C’s. These factors determine the quality, brilliance, and overall worth of each diamond. Understanding them is essential for selecting a beautiful and valuable stone.

Cut

The cut has the greatest impact on brilliance, fire, and appearance.
•Key aspects:
•Proportions: Proper dimensions affect light reflection
•Symmetry: Symmetrical facets improve sparkle
•Polish: Smooth surfaces increase shine
•Popular cuts: Round Brilliant, Princess, Emerald, Cushion, Asscher
 
Key Point: A well-cut diamond maximizes brilliance, revealing its true beauty regardless of size, color, or clarity.

Colour

Diamonds range from colorless to light yellow or brown.
•Completely colorless diamonds (D grade) are the rarest and most valuable.
•Color grading:
•D: Colorless and extremely rare
•E–F: Nearly colorless
•G–J: Slight tint, still attractive
•K–Z: Light yellow or brown visible
•Even slight differences in color significantly affect value.
 
Key Point: Colorless or near-colorless diamonds produce the most sparkle, especially in rings and necklaces.

Clarity

Clarity measures internal inclusions and surface blemishes.
•Fewer inclusions = higher clarity and value.
•Types of imperfections:
•Inclusions: Internal marks or particles
•Blemishes: Surface scratches or defects
•Grading scale: FL (Flawless) → I (Included)
•High clarity allows light to pass efficiently, enhancing brilliance.
 
Key Point: Even diamonds with minor inclusions can sparkle beautifully if cut optimally.

carat

Diamond Weight
•Measured in carats, where 1 carat = 0.2 grams.
•Larger diamonds are rarer and usually more valuable, but value depends on the combination of all 4C’s.
•Example: A 1-carat diamond with excellent cut and clarity may be more valuable than a 2-carat diamond with medium clarity and cut.
 
Key Point: Carat indicates the size, but not the overall quality or brilliance.
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